How to develop a personal financial model (with free template)

March 2025 Update: I have developed an enhanced version which may suit more complex scenarios and assumptions. Click here to access V2 of the model. In the early stages of my personal finance journey, I learnt how to build and use basic personal finance tools. I had budget templates, income/expense trackers, mortgage calculators, and so on. Over time, I realised that I wanted to forecast what would happen in the future. How long would it take to pay off my…

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Creating a budget with savings /investment targets using SMART goals

In my previous post, I wrote about calculating how much you need to save/invest based on your SMART goals. In this post, I want to cover how you use those expenses, savings and investment targets to form a budget. As you start to form a budget, you also need to link it to your actual income. If you're not earning enough currently, what do you do? This post will hopefully join those dots together and help you figure out the…

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How SMART financial goals impact your financial plan and budget

This post is a continuation of my Developing your Financial Plan Series. In my previous post, I talked about how to set SMART financial goals. As a recap, financial goals can be anything you want them to be, as long as they're Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Time-bound. Hopefully, you've taken some time to write down a few SMART financial goals. Don't worry, you can always add or refine your goals as your situation evolves. In this post, I'll cover…

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How SMART are your financial goals?

When I was young and started working, I had no idea what to do with my money, how much I needed to save and invest, and where to put it. I was lost and had no financial direction. This was the case even though I was in stockbroking, looking at money going in and out of the market every day. I was saving some money and buying a stock or two, but it was a bit of a crap shoot.…

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How to track your cash flow and net worth

I first started tracking my finances after I finished university in 2007 when I was broke and unemployed. My net worth when I started? About negative AUD 1,300. Since then, I have used many methods and tools to track my finances. There isn't a "right" way to do it, but you need to ensure it serves its purpose: To give you a reasonably accurate picture of your wealth and financial performance. What you will learn in this post Previously I…

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Making a habit of tracking finances and 5 reasons why it matters

(Yes, that screenshot is a previous version of my Excel dashboard report with fake numbers. I've since shifted my reporting to PowerPoint, but I still use the Excel file for a lot of data collection, calculation and analysis) When I was finishing up university, I was your typical broke student. I also had debt, which I used to finance my lifestyle, even when I wasn't earning any income. I didn't know how much I was spending and had no idea…

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What is a financial plan and why do I need one?

When I first started my first job in stockbroking, I was excited. I was working with clients, executing their orders, and watching the stock market every day. I dabbled in a few stocks myself, but never really made much money. Also, I never had an idea of how I should structure my investment portfolio, or how I would build wealth. That all changed when I completed my RG146 license in Australia as a part of my job. I learned about…

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The “secret” to creating wealth – An introduction to capitalism and personal financial statements

Before I got my first corporate job in stockbroking, I thought the way to become rich was simple. Work your way up to a high-paying job as a senior executive, and you'll be rich. In many ways, this is true, but also not. Just earning a high income does not create wealth and financial independence. Just look at the many high flyers that go bankrupt with excessive spending. Over time, as I read more, learnt more, and invested more, I…

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21 Principles of Financial Independence

Introduction Throughout history, humans have learnt (the hard way) the fundamental workings of capitalism. The road to financial independence is filled with the bodies of those who have not heeded lessons from history. With every new investment mania, wealth guru, or market rally, it is easy to get carried away and forget fundamental principles. I have compiled 21 principles for financial independence based on my experience and knowledge. Many of them I have learnt from books in my recommended reading…

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Recommended reading to start your personal finance journey

The list below is reading material I recommend as a starting point in your journey to financial independence. I highly recommend everyone read the Core reading list at a minimum, which should cover the basics of personal finance. This is not meant to be an exhaustive list, there are many great personal finance books out there. I have thoughtfully curated this list so it isn't too extensive, yet covers a broad range of topics with minimal overlap. (Update 26/02/2025: Affiliate links…

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